A interpretação da Qualidade na Indústria 4.0
Resumo:
Ao longo das últimas décadas tem sido verificada uma mudança no paradigma dos processos industriais, indústria 4.0, que foi promovida pelo desenvolvimento da digitalização. Tal como é possível constatar, os atributos da indústria 4.0 tais como, por exemplo, a inteligência artificial e os macrodados (Big Data), viabilizam a antecipação das necessidades e tendências, proporcionando a diferenciação no mercado, entre outras vantagens. No entanto, a aplicação destas ferramentas acaba por requerer a aquisição de novas competências aos gestores da qualidade. Assim, no presente trabalho é feita a identificação destas novas competências.
O conceito da qualidade 4.0, ou seja, digitalização da qualidade total, está associado ao impacto na tecnologia da qualidade, nos processos de produção e nos recursos humanos envolvidos. A base deste conceito emergente envolve não só as ferramentas comuns da qualidade como também a automatização e a inteligência artificial de forma a proporcionar o envolvimento de todas as partes interessadas nas tomadas de decisão em tempo oportuno.
Recorrendo a testemunhos provenientes de várias áreas da indústria e serviços, no presente trabalho são recolhidas as diferentes perceções sobre a realidade da qualidade 4.0 nas PME regionais com o objetivo de identificar as competências dos gestores da qualidade 4.0. De acordo com a revisão bibliográfica, a tendência parece indicar a necessidade de os gestores da qualidade reforçarem as competências relacionadas com a análise quantitativa.
Abstract:
The development of digitalization during the last decades has promoted a paradigm shift in industrial processes, calling it Industry 4.0. As can be seen, the attributes of Industry 4.0, such as artificial intelligence and Big Data, enable the anticipation of needs and trends, providing differentiation in the market, among other advantages. However, the application of these tools ultimately requires the acquisition of new skills to quality managers. Thus, in the present work, these new competences are identified.
The concept of quality 4.0, i.e. digitalisation of total quality, is associated with the impact on quality technology, production processes and the human resources involved. The basis of this emerging concept involves not only the common quality tools but also automation and artificial intelligence to provide the involvement of all stakeholders in timely decision-making.
Using testimonials from various areas of industry and services, this paper collects the different perceptions about the reality of Quality 4.0 in regional SME to understand the skills required to perform the role of the quality manager. According to the literature review, the trend seems to indicate the need for quality managers to strengthen skills related to quantitative analysis.
Sara Almeida graduated from School of Technology and Management of Águeda – University of Aveiro – Portugal. Currently attending the Masters in Total Quality Management at the School of Technology and Management of Águeda – University of Aveiro – Portugal. Her research interests are in the areas of quality and management.
Luís Abreu PhD in mechanical engineering and performs functions as Coordinator Professor at ESTGA-UA. In recent years taught courses for the Degree in Quality Management and the Master in Total Quality Management. For several years was member of the Course Committee of the Degree in Quality Management and, currently, is a member of the Course Committee of the Master in Total Quality Management.
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Indústria 4.0, PME, Qualidade 4.0, Sistema de Gestão da Qualidade.
Industry 4.0, Quality 4.0, Quality Management System, SME.
